The cruder the mind, the more the ego rules. Two characteristics of the base primitive mind (the ego) is that it can’t stand to be wrong and it hates change. So once it has decided on an issue it fights tooth and nail to justify its position.

Conversely it requires a rather nuanced, sophisticated mind to adjust thought to new factual information — to override raw, childish ego.

A prime example of a crude, ego ruled mind of course is our running joke of a president. Trump doesn’t need facts, new or old, because according to him he knows more than anyone. His gut tells him all he needs to know, so reading and learning for this reptilian brain would, indeed, likely be a waste of time.

Apprentice killers: The War of Lincoln and Davis — a great read of another dangerous time for America.